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  1. Environmentally driven immune activation was suggested to contribute to high rates of HIV-1 infection in Africa. We report here a study of immune activation markers and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in vit...

    Authors: Evélyne Bégaud, Loïc Chartier, Valéry Marechal, Julienne Ipero, Josianne Léal, Pierre Versmisse, Guillaume Breton, Arnaud Fontanet, Corinne Capoulade-Metay, Hervé Fleury, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Daniel Scott-Algara and Gianfranco Pancino
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:35
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. To further our understanding of the structure and function of HIV-1 integrase (IN) we developed and characterized a library of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against this protein. One of these antibodie...

    Authors: Joseph Ramcharan, Diana M Colleluori, George Merkel, Mark D Andrake and Anna Marie Skalka
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:34
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Nef is an accessory protein of primate lentiviruses, HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV. Besides removing CD4 and MHC class I from the surface and activating cellular signaling cascades, Nef also binds GagPol during late st...

    Authors: Luciana J Costa, Nan Chen, Adriana Lopes, Renato S Aguiar, Amilcar Tanuri, Ana Plemenitas and B Matija Peterlin
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. P-TEFb, a general RNA polymerase II elongation factor, is composed of CDK9 (cyclin-dependent kinase 9) as a catalytic unit and either cyclin T1, T2 or K as a regulatory subunit. The cyclin T1/P-TEFb complex is...

    Authors: Wendong Yu, Yan Wang, Chad A Shaw, Xiao-Feng Qin and Andrew P Rice
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters target cells by a membrane fusion process that involves a series of sequential interactions between its envelope glycoproteins, the CD4 receptor and CXCR4/CCR5 corecep...

    Authors: Rachel Bourgeois, Johanne Mercier, Isabelle Paquette-Brooks and Éric A Cohen
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:31
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Retrovirology announces new editorial board members and reprises progress over the first two years of publishing.

    Authors: Kuan-Teh Jeang
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:30
    Content type: Editorial Published on:

  7. Four primate (PTLV), human (HTLV) and simian (STLV) T-cell leukemia virus types, have been characterized thus far, with evidence of a simian zoonotic origin for HTLV-1, HTLV-2 and HTLV-3 in Africa. The PTLV en...

    Authors: Felix J Kim, Madakasira Lavanya, Antoine Gessain, Sandra Gallego, Jean-Luc Battini, Marc Sitbon and Valérie Courgnaud
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:29
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  8. Despite the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), neuronal cell death remains a problem that is frequently found in the brains of HIV-1-infected patients. HAART has successfully prevented many o...

    Authors: Mohammad Ghafouri, Shohreh Amini, Kamel Khalili and Bassel E Sawaya
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:28
    Content type: Review Published on:

  9. H9-T-cells do not support the replication of mutant HIV-1 encoding Env protein lacking its long cytoplasmic C-terminal domain (Env-CT). Here we describe the generation of a H9-T-cell population constitutively ...

    Authors: Denise Holtkotte, Tanya Pfeiffer and Valerie Bosch
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:27
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  10. Certain murine leukemia viruses (MLVs) are capable of inducing progressive spongiform motor neuron disease in susceptible mice upon infection of the central nervous system (CNS). The major CNS parenchymal targ...

    Authors: Derek E Dimcheff, L Gwenn Volkert, Ying Li, Angelo L DeLucia and William P Lynch
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Retroviruses have evolved various mechanisms to optimize their transfer to new target cells via late endosomes. Here, we analyzed the transfer of ZAM, a retroelement from Drosophila melanogaster, from ovarian fol...

    Authors: E Brasset, AR Taddei, F Arnaud, B Faye, AM Fausto, M Mazzini, F Giorgi and C Vaury
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:25
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Many novel studies and therapies are possible with the use of human embryonic stem cells (hES cells) and their differentiated cell progeny. The hES cell derived CD34 hematopoietic stem cells can be potentially...

    Authors: Joseph S Anderson, Sriram Bandi, Dan S Kaufman and Ramesh Akkina
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:24
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Foamy viruses are exogenous complex retroviruses that are highly endemic in several animal species, including monkeys and apes, where they cause persistent infection. Simian foamy viral (SFV) infection has bee...

    Authors: Sara Calattini, Fanélie Wanert, Bernard Thierry, Christine Schmitt, Sylviane Bassot, Ali Saib, Nicolas Herrenschmidt and Antoine Gessain
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:23
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the etiologic agent for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), induces cytokine-independent proliferation of T-cells, associated with the acquisition of constitutive activati...

    Authors: Mariko Tomita, Hirochika Kawakami, Jun-nosuke Uchihara, Taeko Okudaira, Masato Masuda, Takehiro Matsuda, Yuetsu Tanaka, Kazuiku Ohshiro and Naoki Mori
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Retraction Note to this article has been published in Retrovirology 2011 8:1

  15. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid (NC) plays a pivotal role in the viral lifecycle: including encapsulating the viral genome, aiding in strand transfer during reverse transcription, ...

    Authors: Brian P Wellensiek, Vasudha Sundaravaradan, Rajesh Ramakrishnan and Nafees Ahmad
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. The Tax proteins encoded by human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) are transcriptional activators of both the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) and cellular promoters via the CREB and NF...

    Authors: Noreen Sheehy, Lorraine Lillis, Karen Watters, Martha Lewis, Virginie Gautier and William Hall
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:20
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Post-transcriptional events in the life of an RNA including RNA processing, transport, translation and metabolism are characterized by the regulated assembly of multiple ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. At e...

    Authors: Alan W Cochrane, Mark T McNally and Andrew J Mouland
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:18
    Content type: Review Published on:

  20. As it is the very first step of the HIV replication cycle, HIV entry represents an attractive target for the development of new antiviral drugs. In this context, fusion inhibitors are the third class of anti-H...

    Authors: Delphine Delcroix-Genête, Phenix-Lan Quan, Marie-Gaëlle Roger, Uriel Hazan, Sébastien Nisole and Cécile Rousseau
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:16
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Antisense transcription in retroviruses has been suggested for both HIV-1 and HTLV-I, although the existence and coding potential of these transcripts remain controversial. Thorough characterization is require...

    Authors: Marie-Hélène Cavanagh, Sébastien Landry, Brigitte Audet, Charlotte Arpin-André, Patrick Hivin, Marie-Ève Paré, Julien Thête, Éric Wattel, Susan J Marriott, Jean-Michel Mesnard and Benoit Barbeau
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:15
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. HIV-1 is characterized by its rapid genetic evolution and high diversity as a consequence of its error-prone reverse transcriptase and genetic recombination. This latter mechanism is responsible for the creati...

    Authors: Gabriela Turk, Mauricio Carobene, Ana Monczor, Andrea Elena Rubio, Manuel Gómez-Carrillo and Horacio Salomón
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:14
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Coordinate enhancement of transgene transcription and translation would be a potent approach to significantly improve protein output in a broad array of viral vectors and nonviral expression systems. Many vect...

    Authors: Alper Yilmaz, Soledad Fernandez, Michael D Lairmore and Kathleen Boris-Lawrie
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Murine Leukemia Virus (MLV) assembly has been long thought to occur exclusively at the plasma membrane. Current models of retroviral particle assembly describe the recruitment of the host vacuolar protein sort...

    Authors: Laurent Houzet, Bernard Gay, Zakia Morichaud, Laurence Briant and Marylène Mougel
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Inefficient alternative splicing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) primary RNA transcript results in greater than half of all viral mRNA remaining unspliced. Regulation of HIV-1 alternative spl...

    Authors: Joshua M Madsen and C Martin Stoltzfus
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:10
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. Extra-cellular roles of Tat might be the main cause of maintenance of HIV-1 infected CD4 T cells or reservoir cells. We developed a synthetic vaccine based on a Tat variant of 101 residues called Tat Oyi, whic...

    Authors: Jennifer D Watkins, Sophie Lancelot, Grant R Campbell, Didier Esquieu, Jean de Mareuil, Sandrine Opi, Sylvie Annappa, Jean-Pierre Salles and Erwann P Loret
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:8
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Eradication of HIV-1 from an infected individual cannot be achieved by current regimens. Viral reservoirs established early during the infection remain unaffected by anti-retroviral therapy for a long time and...

    Authors: Alessandro Marcello
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:7
    Content type: Review Published on:

  30. Studies of retroviral mRNA export identified two distinct RNA export elements utilizing conserved eukaryotic mRNA export mechanism(s), namely the Constitutive Transport Element (CTE) and the RNA Transport Elem...

    Authors: Sergey Smulevitch, Jenifer Bear, Candido Alicea, Margherita Rosati, Rashmi Jalah, Andrei S Zolotukhin, Agneta von Gegerfelt, Daniel Michalowski, Christoph Moroni, George N Pavlakis and Barbara K Felber
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:6
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Tax is the oncoprotein of HTLV-1 which deregulates signal transduction pathways, transcription of genes and cell cycle regulation of host cells. Transacting function of Tax is mainly mediated by its protein-pr...

    Authors: Koju Kamoi, Keiyu Yamamoto, Aya Misawa, Ariko Miyake, Takaomi Ishida, Yuetsu Tanaka, Manabu Mochizuki and Toshiki Watanabe
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:5
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. The early events of the HIV-1 life cycle include entry of the viral core into target cell, assembly of the reverse transcription complex (RTCs) performing reverse transcription, its transformation into integra...

    Authors: Sergey Iordanskiy, Reem Berro, Maria Altieri, Fatah Kashanchi and Michael Bukrinsky
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. The anti-viral function of RNA silencing was first discovered in plants as a natural manifestation of the artificial 'co-suppression', which refers to the extinction of endogenous gene induced by homologous tr...

    Authors: Anne Saumet and Charles-Henri Lecellier
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:3
    Content type: Review Published on:

  34. In experimental biology, including retrovirology and molecular biology, replicate measurement sessions very often show similar proportional differences between experimental conditions, but different absolute v...

    Authors: Jan M Ruijter, Helene H Thygesen, Onard JLM Schoneveld, Atze T Das, Ben Berkhout and Wouter H Lamers
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:2
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. CTL based vaccine strategies in the macaque model of AIDS have shown promise in slowing the progression to disease. However, rapid CTL escape viruses can emerge rendering such vaccination useless. We hypothesi...

    Authors: Zachary Klase, Michael J Donio, Andrew Blauvelt, Preston A Marx, Kuan-Teh Jeang and Stephen M Smith
    Citation: Retrovirology 2006 3:1
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs of 18–25 nucleotides (nt) in length that play important roles in regulating a variety of biological processes. Recent studies suggest that cellular miRNAs may serve to control...

    Authors: Man Lung Yeung, Yamina Bennasser, Timothy G Myers, Guojian Jiang, Monsef Benkirane and Kuan-Teh Jeang
    Citation: Retrovirology 2005 2:81
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  37. Efficient targeted gene transfer and cell type specific transgene expression are important for the safe and effective expression of transgenes in vivo. Enveloped viral vectors allow insertion of exogenous membran...

    Authors: Zhiping Ye, George G Harmison, Jack A Ragheb and Manfred Schubert
    Citation: Retrovirology 2005 2:80
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of CD4(-) cells has been demonstrated, and this may be an important mechanism for HIV transmission.

    Authors: Junying Zheng, Yiming Xie, Richard Campbell, Jun Song, Samira Massachi, Miriam Razi, Robert Chiu, James Berenson, Otto O Yang, Irvin SY Chen and Shen Pang
    Citation: Retrovirology 2005 2:79
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. The functional state of human telomeres is controlled by telomerase and by a protein complex named shelterin, including the telomeric DNA-binding proteins TRF1, TRF2 and Pot1 involved in telomere capping funct...

    Authors: Emmanuelle Escoffier, Amélie Rezza, Aude Roborel de Climens, Aurélie Belleville, Louis Gazzolo, Eric Gilson and Madeleine Duc Dodon
    Citation: Retrovirology 2005 2:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Retrovirus infection depends on binding of the retroviral envelope (Env) protein to specific cell-surface protein receptors. Interference, or superinfection resistance, is a frequent consequence of retroviral ...

    Authors: Neal S Van Hoeven and A Dusty Miller
    Citation: Retrovirology 2005 2:76
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. HTLV-I causes the disabling inflammatory disease HAM/TSP: there is no vaccine, no satisfactory treatment and no means of assessing the risk of disease or prognosis in infected people. Like many immunopathologi...

    Authors: Becca Asquith, Angelina J Mosley, Adrian Heaps, Yuetsu Tanaka, Graham P Taylor, Angela R McLean and Charles RM Bangham
    Citation: Retrovirology 2005 2:75
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Retrovirology

ISSN: 1742-4690

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